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Zork II, Part 1

25 May

There’s a phenomenon we music fans often talk about called the “sophomore slump.” Before signing a record deal and recording that first album, bands generally spend years honing their craft and forging their musical identity. When they go into the studio for the first time at last, they know exactly who they are and what brought them here, and they also have the cream of all those years of songwriting at their disposal — polished, practiced, and audience tested. Yet when it comes time for the second album, assuming they get to make one, things are suddenly much more uncertain. All of those great songs that defined them were used up last time around, and now they’re left to pick through the material that didn’t make the cut and/or craft new stuff under time pressure they’ve never known before. Further, a sort of existential crisis often greets them. What kind of band do they want to be? Should they continue to work within the sound that got them this far, or should they push for more and get more experimental? Many try to split the difference, resulting in an uneven album unwilling to definitively do either, and full of songs and performances that, while perhaps perfectly competent, lack a certain pop, a spark of freshness compared to what came before.

I see some of the same thing in Zork II: The Wizard of Frobozz. Lebling and Infocom took some real, significant steps forward here, beginning to move beyond the “collect treasures for points” structure of the first game, but the whole thing feels a bit tentative. Infocom’s parser and world-modeling remain streets beyond what anyone else was doing, but they no longer carry quite the same shock of discovery. The writing gets sharper, funnier, and more consistent in tone, but, at least in the first release we’ll be looking at, the game suffers a bit from the need to have it out before Christmas, with an unusual (for Infocom) number of little bugs, glitches, and parser frustrations. There are some wonderful puzzles here along with some puzzles that just need an extra in-game nudge to be wonderful — in fact, far more of both than in Zork I — but also some absurd howlers, including the two most universally loathed in the entire Infocom canon. They’re proof that, while Lebling felt he should make Zork II harder than its predecessor, he wasn’t yet quite clear on the best way to accomplish that. So, like so many second albums, Zork II is a mixed bag. You can see it in very different ways depending on what you choose to emphasize, and, indeed, you’ll find very diverse opinions about its overall merit.

As I did with Zork I, I’m going to take you on a little tour of Zork II. The map above may help you to follow along. I’m also again making available the somewhat rare original story file for those seeking the most authentic historical experience. You can play it right in your browser, or download it to play in an interpreter that supports the Version 2 Z-Machine. Or you can choose the Apple II disk image.

We begin Zork II just where we presumably left off, inside the barrow which collecting the last of the treasures in Zork I opened up to us. Unlike in the PDP-10 Zork, the barrow has sealed behind us upon entrance, an obvious concession to the need to keep Zork I‘s chocolate separate from Zork II‘s peanut butter. We do have our two most faithful companions from Zork I, our lantern and our sword. (The lantern is also, thankfully, fully charged again for some unexplained reason.)

As soon as we begin to move deeper into the game from our initial location at the extreme north of the map, we see one of the more obvious and welcome signs of progress over its predecessor: Lebling now has no interest at all in making the geography itself into a puzzle. Everything connects with everything else in a consistent, straightforward manner, a far cry from the beginning of Zork I, where we were first challenged to spend an hour or two laboriously mapping all of the twisty intersections of the forest. Zork II doesn’t even feature the heretofore obligatory maze, at least in the conventional sense. (What replaces it is annoying enough that one is left wishing for a good old straightforward maze, but more on that later…)

Soon we have our first encounter with the man who will be our nemesis throughout the game: the Wizard of Frobozz.

A STRANGE LITTLE MAN IN A LONG CLOAK
APPEARS SUDDENLY IN THE ROOM. HE IS
WEARING A HIGH POINTED HAT EMBROIDERED
WITH ASTROLOGICAL SIGNS. HE HAS A LONG,
STRINGY, AND UNKEMPT BEARD.
THE WIZARD DRAWS FORTH HIS WAND AND
WAVES IT IN YOUR DIRECTION. IT BEGINS TO
GLOW WITH A FAINT BLUE GLOW.
THE WIZARD, IN A DEEP AND RESONANT
VOICE, SPEAKS THE WORD "FERMENT!" HE
CACKLES GLEEFULLY.

YOU BEGIN TO FEEL LIGHTHEADED.

The Wizard is one of Lebling’s innovations for the PC Zork II, and interesting on several levels. He appears more frequently and is characterized much more strongly than Zork I‘s thief. While the thief was a mere impediment and annoyance, our central goal in Zork II is to overcome the Wizard; thus his pride of place in the game’s subtitle. But never fear — the Wizard is also every bit as annoying as the thief ever was. He pops up from time to time to cast a randomly chosen spell on us, all of which begin with “F”: Filch, Freeze, Float, Fall, Fence, Fantasize, etc. Some of these, like Ferment, which makes us unable to walk straight for a (randomly chosen) number of turns, are mere inconveniences. Others — like Filch, which causes a randomly chosen item to disappear from our inventory, or Fall, which can kill us instantly if cast on, say, a cliff-side — leave us no recourse but to restore from our last save. What with our expiring, non-renewable light source, even the less potent spells become a problem in forcing us to waste precious turns waiting for their effects to expire. We pretty quickly get into the habit of just restoring every time we get spelled.

Every player will have to decide for herself whether the Wizard is funny enough to outweigh this annoyance factor. But the bumbling old Wizard, whose spells occasionally misfire in amusing ways, is genuinely funny.

THE WIZARD DRAWS FORTH HIS WAND AND
WAVES IT IN YOUR DIRECTION. IT BEGINS TO
GLOW WITH A FAINT BLUE GLOW.
THERE IS A LOUD CRACKLING NOISE. BLUE
SMOKE RISES FROM OUT OF THE WIZARD'S
SLEEVE. HE SIGHS AND DISAPPEARS.

Zork has always had a split personality. Authors give us either unabashedly silly, mildly satirical comedy, or an aged, now deserted world possessed of a lonely, faded grandeur. As the product of multiple authors writing pretty much to suit whatever whims struck them, Zork I itself pioneered both approaches, vacillating between them with no apparent concern. For every majestic Aragain Falls view, there was a cyclops to be fed hot peppers. With Zork II, however, Lebling has clearly decided to craft a “funny Zork.” And so we get various shoddy contraptions labeled as products of “The Frobozz Magic <insert item here> Company,” sort of the Wizard’s equivalent of Wile E. Coyote’s Acme Corporation. And we get lots of silly anecdotes about the excesses of the royal Flathead family and its patriarch, Lord Dimwit himself. Lebling shows a real gift for light comedy throughout, knowing how to craft jokes without trying too hard and beating us over the (flat)head with them.

In a gazebo in the garden, one of Lebling’s new additions, he places an homage to the original Zork, a copy of U.S. News and Dungeon Report.

** U.S. NEWS AND DUNGEON REPORT **

FAMED ADVENTURER TO EXPLORE GREAT
UNDERGROUND EMPIRE

OUR CORRESPONDENTS REPORT THAT A
WORLD-FAMOUS AND BATTLE-HARDENED
ADVENTURER HAS BEEN SEEN IN THE VICINITY
OF THE GREAT UNDERGROUND EMPIRE. LOCAL
GRUES HAVE BEEN REPORTED SHARPENING
THEIR (SLAVERING) FANGS....

"ZORK: THE WIZARD OF FROBOZZ" WAS
WRITTEN BY DAVE LEBLING AND MARC BLANK,
AND IS (C) COPYRIGHT 1981 BY INFOCOM,
INC.

You may remember that a magazine of the same title used to always sit inside the white house of the PDP-10 Zork to announce the latest news and additions to the online community that sprung up around the game.

Like its predecessors, Zork II imposes a pretty harsh inventory limit, forcing us to choose a base of operations to keep all of the stuff we collect. A good choice is the Carousel Room, a central hub around which the game’s geography — literally — revolves. (The game always chooses a random direction for us when we leave the Carousel Room; we can solve a puzzle to stop its rotation.) Indeed, there’s a definite combinatorial explosion that adds greatly to the difficulty. The map is a large one, and largely open from the start, leaving us to pick through piles of unsolved puzzles looking for the ones which we can actually solve at any given point. Just figuring out what we should be working on is much of the challenge.

Southeast of the Carousel Room is the appropriately named Riddle Room. In front of a sealed door we read the following:

WHAT IS TALL AS A HOUSE,
ROUND AS A CUP,
AND ALL THE KING'S HORSES
CAN'T DRAW IT UP?

The answer is a well.

Riddles aren’t really approved practice in interactive-fiction design these days, largely because they’re just so dependent on intuition and all too often very culturally specific, and thus notoriously variable in difficulty from player to player. There’s also a certain element of cheapness about them, a quality they share with mazes. A designer in need of a puzzle can throw in a riddle in a matter of minutes, then watch contentedly as at least some subset of her players agonize for hours. Still, as adventure-game riddles go this one isn’t awful, and there is an undeniable thrill in getting a riddle in a flash of insight — much like when solving other, better respected sorts of adventure-game puzzles. In Twisty Little Passages, Nick Montfort names the riddle as the text adventure’s most important literary antecedent. I’m not entirely convinced of that, but if true it does present the opportunity to view Zork‘s riddle as this new form already glancing back to its roots. Not that I believe for a moment that anything of the sort was on the designers’ minds.

Beyond the Riddle Room is the Circular Room:

CIRCULAR ROOM

THIS IS A DAMP CIRCULAR ROOM, WHOSE
WALLS ARE MADE OF BRICK AND MORTAR. THE
ROOF OF THIS ROOM IS NOT VISIBLE, BUT
THERE APPEAR TO BE SOME ETCHINGS ON THE
WALLS. THERE IS A PASSAGEWAY TO THE
WEST.

THERE IS A WOODEN BUCKET HERE, 3 FEET IN
DIAMETER AND 3 FEET HIGH.

With a little thought, not to mention some consideration of the riddle we just solved, we can conclude that we are standing at the bottom of a well. It turns out that it’s not just a well, but a magic well; if we pour some water into the bucket, it will hoist us up to a new area at its top. I mentioned earlier that a number of puzzles in Zork II are just a nudge away from being excellent. This one is a good example. While there’s a certain elegant logic to it, we aren’t told that it’s a magic well until we reach the top and see the “Frobozz Magic Well Company” logo. It’s just a little bit too much of a stretch in its present form. Or maybe I’m supposed to be able to find some clue in these etchings found at the bottom:

       O  B  O

       A  G  I
E L

       M  P  A

If anyone can figure out what that’s on about, let me know.

At the top of the well is the so-called “Alice” area. Lewis Carroll would prove to be a great favorite of adventure-game writers because his blend of surrealism, logical illogic, and love of puzzles fit the genre so well, making his works just about as perfect as any traditional literature can be for adaptation to the adventure-game form. Before any official adaptations, however, Infocom paid him homage here. (Like the well area, the Alice area was present in the PDP-10 version, and thus dates to approximately 1978.) We find some cakes with the expected effect on our size, and once appropriately shrunken visit a pool of tears lifted straight from Chapter 2 of Alice in Wonderland. It all makes for some lovely puzzles. It’s sort of amusing that we must travel up a well to visit the Alice area in Zork II, while Alice fell down a well to start her adventures in the book. Of course, there’s also quite a similarity between the premise of the Zork games as a whole and that of the Alice books. Both include vast magical landscapes accessed via the most mundane of gateways, and both are all about puzzles and play rather than plot.

As already demonstrated via the Wizard, Zork II does have a modicum more interpersonal interaction than its predecessor, making adventuring in these dungeons feel just a bit less lonely. For the first time (discounting the PDP-10 version) it allows us to actually talk to other characters, entering into some fraught territory that still bedevils IF authors today. Zork II‘s system is still pretty awkward: we can only “TELL <someone> ‘<something>’,” with the quotes a necessity. It does, however, allow for a pretty impressive demonstration of Infocom’s technology, in the form of a little robot also located at the top of the well whom we can order about just as if he were, well, us. (Like Zork I, Zork II happily jumps from science-fiction robots to fantasy monsters to present-day elements with no compunction whatsoever.) The robot is key to another of those puzzles that just needed a little bit more work to be great.

There’s a magical sphere that we’d really like to loot, but it’s protected by the “Frobozz Magic Alarm Company.” When we try to take it, a cage drops around us, the room fills with a poison gas, and we die after a couple of turns. Trying to get the robot to take the sphere for us doesn’t work. The cage crushes the poor little guy rather than merely trapping him for some reason, in a scene oddly reminiscent of a famous incident from Infocom’s later Planetfall. The sphere, meanwhile, disappears (presumably it’s inside the cage). The solution is to have the robot in the room with us when we trigger the trap, then have him “GET CAGE” to get us free before the gas asphyxiates us. In the abstract it’s not a bad puzzle. However, it’s so fraught with implementation problems that it’s well-nigh impossible to deduce what’s really going on. The game gives us no sign that we can still interact with the robot at all from inside the cage. Even if we make that cognitive leap on our own, it still refuses to make anything easy for us.

>GET SPHERE
AS YOU REACH FOR THE SPHERE, A STEEL
CAGE FALLS FROM THE CEILING TO ENTRAP
YOU. TO MAKE MATTERS WORSE, POISONOUS
GAS STARTS COMING INTO THE ROOM.
CAGE
YOU ARE TRAPPED INSIDE A STEEL CAGE.
>TELL ROBOT "GET GAS"
I DON'T KNOW THE WORD 'GAS'.
>TELL ROBOT "HELP"
I DON'T KNOW THE WORD 'HELP'.
>TELL ROBOT "N"
"WHIRR, BUZZ, CLICK!"
YOU CAN'T GO THAT WAY.
>L
CAGE
YOU ARE TRAPPED INSIDE A STEEL CAGE.
>EXAMINE CAGE
I SEE NOTHING SPECIAL ABOUT THE STEEL
CAGE.
>TELL ROBOT "BREAK CAGE"
WHAT DO YOU WANT TO BREAK THE CAGE WITH?
>ROBOT
TRYING TO DESTROY THE STEEL CAGE HAS NO
EFFECT.
>TELL ROBOT "GET CAGE"
THE CAGE SHAKES AND IS HURLED ACROSS THE
ROOM. IT'S HARD TO SAY, BUT THE ROBOT
APPEARS TO BE SMILING.
DINGY CLOSET
THERE IS A BEAUTIFUL RED CRYSTAL SPHERE
HERE.
>GET SPHERE
TAKEN.

I’ve edited out from the above the dying every couple of turns.

Questions abound. Where actually was the sphere when we were inside the cage, since it was apparently neither inside nor outside? Why does “GETting” the cage cause the robot to break it, and “BREAKing” it get us nowhere? It’s issues like this that sometimes make Zork II, at least in this first released version, feel a bit undercooked.

 

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20 Responses to Zork II, Part 1

  1. jima

    May 25, 2012 at 12:05 pm

    I believe the etchings are supposed to be the words “FROBOZZ MAGIC WELL COMPANY” with the left and right sides of the inscription worn away.

     
    • Jimmy Maher

      May 25, 2012 at 12:11 pm

      That didn’t take long. :)

       
    • Nathan

      May 25, 2012 at 1:25 pm

      In fact, at the top of the well, the whole inscription is readable.

       
  2. Nathan

    May 25, 2012 at 4:18 pm

    The final version of Zork II, release 48/840904, added the other syntax for ordering the robot around, as in ROBOT, GET CAGE.

     
    • Jimmy Maher

      May 25, 2012 at 4:50 pm

      Yeah, a lot of these little niggles were cleaned up in later versions. The more abstract design problems weren’t quite so easy to correct after the fact, however.

       
  3. Duncan Stevens

    May 25, 2012 at 5:09 pm

    Pretty sure that riddle is not original. I seem to recall that, when I first played Zork II at age 7, I knew the answer instantly, which suggests that I’d seen it before (it’s not the sort of thing that’s intuitively obvious to anyone).

    That didn’t help me with the well itself, about which I had no clue, though I agree that there’s a logic to it. Two objections to the well: (1) the etchings really should be on the floor, not the walls (because the remaining etchings give you the entire inscription from the top of the well if you’re looking straight down; as it is, there’s no reason why the whole inscription should be readable from the top of the well), and (2) getting back down the well by picking up the water requires that one set aside one’s knowledge of how liquids work. (If you pour a teapot’s worth of water into a 3-foot-diameter wooden bucket, it’s probably all going to soak into the bucket. At most, you might get a few drops.)

     
    • Jimmy Maher

      May 25, 2012 at 6:22 pm

      “(2) getting back down the well by picking up the water requires that one set aside one’s knowledge of how liquids work. (If you pour a teapot’s worth of water into a 3-foot-diameter wooden bucket, it’s probably all going to soak into the bucket. At most, you might get a few drops.)”

      Yeah, there are quite a few particularly absurd examples of adventure-game physics in Zork II. The balloon is another. There’s no way a single burning newspaper with no other fuel should inflate an entire hot-air balloon, and keep it inflated in perpetuity.

       
      • Duncan Stevens

        May 25, 2012 at 6:58 pm

        True. Also, glass that is strong enough to hold in a large quantity of water is probably not going to break when a sword is thrown at it, and an explosive powerful enough to kill you if you’re in the room is probably not going to politely open the cover of a box and leave the contents intact.

         
  4. Lisa

    May 25, 2012 at 7:09 pm

    “Frobozz Magic Well Company” logo. It’s just a little bit too much of a stretch in its present form. Or maybe I’m supposed to be able to find some clue in these etchings found at the bottom:

    O B O

    A G I
    E L

    M P A

    If anyone can figure out what that’s on about, let me know.

    F R O B O Z Z
    M A G I C
    W E L L
    C O M P A N Y

    It’s the center portion of the logo with the edges worn away, or something like that. (It’s talked about in the Invisiclues.) How the player is supposed to work it out, I’m not sure; it depends on the exact description in the game text, I guess. If it hints that other letters appear to be worn off then perhaps the player is expected to start treating it like a game of Hangman, and guess other letters that might fill in before and after, to arrive at the hint “magic well”?

     
    • Lisa

      May 25, 2012 at 7:13 pm

      d’oh, whoops, didn’t see there was already a reply about this.

       
  5. Adam Thornton

    May 30, 2012 at 2:20 am

    The baseball maze: left-handed pitchers are traditionally called southpaws, so therefore home plate is in the west.

    Not that I’m defending the puzzle design.

     
  6. Michael Waddell

    April 11, 2013 at 12:54 pm

    Infocom’s parser and world-modeling remain streets beyond what anyone else was doing…

    If you have to ask what “streets beyond” means, you’re streets behind, right? ;)

     
  7. Ben

    June 13, 2020 at 8:21 pm

    reminescent -> reminiscent

     
    • Jimmy Maher

      June 15, 2020 at 8:55 am

      Thanks!

       
  8. Jeff Nyman

    September 19, 2021 at 12:12 pm

    What with our expiring, non-renewable light source, even the less potent spells become a problem in forcing us to waste precious turns waiting for their effects to expire. We pretty quickly get into the habit of just restoring every time we get spelled.

    Indeed! And this is why this, I would argue, fundamentally a poorly designed game. Not even accounting for the ridiculous “physics” you have to accept at various points. But perhaps this was not poorly designed for the historical time it was introduced in. What the above means to me is: you are constantly taken out of the story (such as it was) to perform a meta action (restore). The game thus in no way had you dealing with consequences and hardships, unless you specifically chose to.

    Think of some of those early CRPG games, like pedit5, dnd, and so on, where the perma-death added a wonderful — albeit very frustrating — tension to the games as you essentially had no choice but to deal with the events that came your way. This is, I believe, one more reason why the CRPGs ultimately succeeded far beyond the text adventures. They understood how to use the design to create a cycle of reward-tension-defeat in a way that most text adventures never did. They also allowed for a explore-exploit dynamic that Infocom never achieved and which is perhaps not as achievable by text adventures.

    Zork has always had a split personality. Authors give us either unabashedly silly, mildly satirical comedy, or an aged, now deserted world possessed of a lonely, faded grandeur.

    Yes, very much agreed! And I would argue that this is yet another thing that, in retrospect, would not work well in a world of gaming options. Back then, with so few options, it worked if only because … well, it was one of your very few choices. But the design of the overall narrative, such as it was, doesn’t fly very well when there are more options that don’t have split personalities. History showed us this as the text adventure relatively rapidly receded behind other game styles.

    Given the initial modest sales of Zork I but then it’s increasing sales from 1982 up, it makes you wonder historically how many people’s first experience with Zork was really with the second game. And then they went back and picked up the first game later. And I say that’s interesting also because of the slight tonal shifts in the two games, where Zork II focuses a bit more on the comedic or satirical while the first game was less focused on that.

    Zork I consistently outsold Zork II by a usually very hefty margin that increased over time from 1981 to 1984. Were people ultimately responding to that first version more than the second?

    Also interesting for the context of the two games is this comment:

    The map is a large one, and largely open from the start, leaving us to pick through piles of unsolved puzzles looking for the ones which we can actually solve at any given point. Just figuring out what we should be working on is much of the challenge.

    Agreed. And this has shown to be something that still divides players to this day. Consider games like Elder Scrolls: Skyrim or The Witcher 3 or Assassin’s Creed: Odyssey where players often fall into camps of “I love all this open world and just running across things to do” versus “I have no idea where I should go next or what I should be doing right now.”

    Like Zork I, Zork II happily jumps from science-fiction robots to fantasy monsters to present-day elements with no compunction whatsoever.

    And this is interesting when contrasted with games like, say, Ultima 1, a game which does the same thing, and which many people who prefer text adventures now look back on as a not-so-great way to do this, in terms of mixing the elements. Yet they accept it with Zork. Ultimately, I think, this is because CRPG did allow for more of the role-playing element than text adventures ever did and why that format succeeded so well. But it also meant that players were more demanding of the context and that it adhere to a more consistent set of styles and rules.

    Regarding the Zork series, I remember when playing these back in the day that I was always hoping they were going to do something like a Zork IV: Age of Science or something like that which would more clearly step into the science and fantasy divide, a bit akin to what The Longest Journey graphical adventure would end up doing quite well, with an arguably better story than any that Infocom ever told.

     
  9. XarToth

    June 14, 2022 at 2:53 pm

    Reading some of your older posts (for the second time, as I’m all caught up and needed a fix of interesting computer history :) ) and noticed the “play it right in your browser” link for Zork II (http://iplayif.com/?story=https://www.filfre.net/misc/zork2.z2) was coming up with an invalid file format error. Thought you’d want to know.

     
    • Jimmy Maher

      June 14, 2022 at 3:35 pm

      Thanks!

       
  10. Aaron Parr

    November 9, 2022 at 5:15 pm

    Read the etchings at the top of the well.

     

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